EDUCATION

PhD Toxicology 2010

University of Maryland, Baltimore MD - School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Program in Toxicology (specialization in forensic toxicology). Research through NIDA-Intramural Research Program. Primary research advisor, Marilyn Huestis, Ph.D.

Dissertation Topic: Antagonist-elicited Cannabis Withdrawal/Pharmacokinetics of Cannabinoids in Frequent Cannabis Users
Lead investigator: develop and implement in-patient clinical study on the effects of cannabinoid receptor (CB1) antagonism following chronic cannabis administration. Methods include specimen collection, neurocognitive and psychomotor testing and physiologic monitoring.
Draft clinical protocol and procedures manual: coauthored protocol, IRB submission
Train nursing staff and monitor study progress at two clinical research sites
Develop and validate analytical methods for determination of xenobiotics in biological specimens. Instrumentation includes 2-dimensional GCMS with cryofocusing and LCMS.

BS - Wildlife Science 1995

University of Washington, Seattle, WA – College of forest resources, Emphasis in environmental toxicology

Course work: Biology, general chemistry, organic chemistry, physics, statistics

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

CLIA Director (High Complexity) April 2018 - Present

Lab Trust, Covington, LA

Responsibility

Oversee clinical toxicology operation, quality assurance, product development and implementation

CLIA Director (High Complexity) April 2018 - Present

Lake Charles Memorial Health System, Lake Charles, LA

Responsibility

Oversee clinical toxicology operation, quality assurance, product development and implementation

Clinical Toxicology Director October 2014 – April 2018

UTC Laboratories, New Orleans, LA

Responsibility

Oversee clinical toxicology operation, quality assurance, product development and implementation
Provide toxicology training and consultation for addiction treatment and compliance monitoring

Achievement

Streamlined laboratory operation and implement new workflow to improve turnaround time
Lead the development of new medication management analytical methods
Implement laboratory improvements to assure quality and compliance
Development and validation of complex multi-analyte methods by LC-MS/MS

Scientific Director/RP 2011 - 2014

Alere Toxicology Services, Richmond, VA

Responsibility

Oversee quality assurance, quality control, proficiency testing and laboratory accreditations
SAMHSA Responsible person
Laboratory Director: CLIA, CAP, CA, NY, MD, VT, MN, OK, HI, PA

Achievement

Increased production volume >200% within 2 years; new equipment installation and validation, increased staff, provide training
New method development and implementation: amphetamines (GCMS), opiates (GCMS), D/L-methamphetamine (LC/MS/MS)
Draft SOP: multiple new and revised procedures, training and implementation
New LIMS implementation: testing, assist in design, staff training

Forensic Toxicologist

American Institute of Toxicology, Indianapolis, IN 2008 – 2011

Responsibility

Consult with attorneys, pathologists, physicians, and other healthcare professionals on toxicological issues
Provide expert testimony on drug effects and toxicological analyses
Provide internal and external training on drug physiology, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and interpretation

Achievement

National Institute of Justice (NIJ) grant: collaboration with Iowa State Medical Examiner’s office. Principal Investigator, laboratory study design and direction, technical report submission and acceptance.
Litigation training: implement staff training in litigation support

Forensic Toxicologist 1997 – 2003

Washington State Toxicology Laboratory, Seattle, WA

Responsibility

Analyzed biological specimens for OTC, prescription and illicit drugs in forensic investigations using a wide variety of analytical techniques, including GCMS, GCNPD, GCFID, LCDAD, Headspace GC, spectrophotometry, immunoassay and TLC.
Testified as expert on analyses and drug effects in criminal and civil hearings

Achievement

Lead instrument maintenance and troubleshooting
Law enforcement training: design and implement ethanol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics experiments; portable breath testing device, BAC Verifier Datamaster and HSGC

Research Technologist 1996 – 1997

Washington State Toxicology Laboratory, Seattle, WA

Developed analytical methods for determination of OTC, prescription and illicit drugs in biological specimens

Research Assistant 1993 – 1996

Washington State Toxicology Laboratory, Seattle, WA

Developed immunoassay method for determination of cannabinoids in whole blood and analyze whole blood specimens obtained from fatally injured drivers for OTC, prescription and illicit drugs

ACCREDITATIONS & CERTIFICATIONS

D-ABFT-FT - Forensic Toxicology Specialist 2002 – present

Accreditation received from the American Board of Forensic Toxicology, (certification maintained through continuing education)

LSBME – CLS Specialist 2014 - present

Louisiana State Board of Medical Examiners certification as Clinical Laboratory Science (CLS) Specialist # CLP.204359-SPE (certification maintained through continuing education)

Certified Blood Alcohol Analyst 1996 – 2003

Washington State Toxicology Laboratory

AWARDS AND SCHOLARSHIPS

Young Scientist Award – Best Poster Presentation August 2004

Society of Forensic Toxicologists/The International Association of Forensic Toxicologists/Federal Bureau of Investigations Joint Meeting, Washington DC,

Educational Merit Award (Scholarship) August 2003 – May 2004

University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Program in Toxicology,

PRESENTATIONS (* presenting author)

*English R, Tate D, Sosna L, Gilles C, Jorissen D, Schwilke EW, Figard B, Faster Optimization and Decreased Method Development Time Resulting in Improved Detection of Toxicologically-Important Compounds in a QQQ LC/MS/MS Instrument, MSACL Annual Meeting, Palm Springs CA, January 21-25, 2018

*Schwilke EW, Tate DJ, Krantz AJ, Sweeney MM, Simultaneous determination of 42 psychiatric drugs and/or metabolites in oral fluid by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry – Southwest Association of Toxicologists-Fall Meeting, San Antonio TX, November 2-4, 2017

*Schwilke EW, Gullberg RG, Darwin WD, Chiang CN, Cadet JL, Gorelick DA, Pope HG, Huestis MA, Differentiating new cannabis use from residual urinary cannabinoid excretion in chronic, daily cannabis users – Society of Forensic Toxicologists Annual Meeting, Richmond VA, October 2010.

*Schwope DM, Schwilke EW, Karschner EL, Gorelick DA, Goodwin RS, Lowe RH, Kelly DL, Huestis MA, Whole blood total cannabinoids during multiple daily oral THC dosing – 11th International Congress of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring & Clinical Toxicology, Montréal, Québec, Canada October 3-8, 2009

*Karschner EL, Schwope DM, Schwilke EW, Gorelick DA, Goodwin RS, Lowe RH, Kelly DL, Huestis MA, Whole blood/plasma ratios in ten chronic cannabis users after frequent oral THC administration – 11th International Congress of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring & Clinical Toxicology, Montréal, Québec, Canada October 3-8, 2009

*Schwope DM, Schwilke EW, Karschner EL, Lowe RH, Kelly DL, Goodwin RS, Gorelick DA and Huestis MA, Whole blood cannabinoids in daily cannabis users during eight days of controlled multiple oral THC doses – Society of Forensic Toxicologists Annual Meeting, Phoenix, AZ, October 2008.

*Karschner EL, Schwilke EW, Schwope DM, Lowe RH, Kelly DL, Goodwin RS, Gorelick DA, Huestis MA, Plasma Cannabinoid Concentrations in Six Chronic Cannabis Users After Frequent Oral THC Administration – Society of Forensic Toxicologists Annual Meeting, Phoenix AZ, October 2008

*Schwilke EW, Karschner EL, Lowe RH, Darwin WD, Huestis MA, Whole Blood/Plasma Cannabinoid Ratios after Multiple Years of Frozen Storage – American Academy of Forensic Sciences Annual Meeting, Washington DC, February 2008

*Karschner EL, Schwilke EW, Lowe RH, Plasma Cannabinoid Concentrations in Daily Cannabis Users During Seven Days of Monitored Abstinence – American Academy of Forensic Sciences Annual Meeting, Washington DC, February 2008

*Schwilke EW, Karschner EL, Lowe RH, Darwin WD, Huestis MA, Whole Blood Cannabinoids in Daily Cannabis Users During 7 Days of Monitored Abstinence – Society of Forensic Toxicologists Annual Meeting, Durham NC, October 2007

*Schwilke EW, Karschner EL, Lowe RH, Huestis MA, Stability of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-Hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC), and 11-nor-Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic Acid (THCCOOH) in Whole Blood – International Council on Alcohol Drugs and Traffic Safety/The International Association of Forensic Toxicologists Joint Annual Meeting, Seattle WA, August 2007

*Schwilke EW, Decreased Recovery of Cannabinoids from Stored Whole Blood - University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Program in Toxicology, Baltimore MD, March 2007

*Karschner EL, Lowe RH, Schwilke EW, Huestis MA, Concurrent quantification of ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-OH-∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC) and 11-nor-9-carboxy-∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH) in human plasma using two-dimensional gas chromatography, cryofocusing and EI-mass spectrometry – Society of Forensic Toxicologists Annual Meeting, Austin TX, October 2006

*Schwilke EW, The significance of withdrawal from cannabis: Elicited withdrawal with the selective CB1 antagonist SR141716A (Rimonabant) - University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Program in Toxicology, Baltimore MD, March 2005

*Schwilke EW, Kacinko SL, Barnes AJ, Oyler JM, Cone EJ, Moolchan ET, Huestis MA, Codeine and Metabolite Disposition in Human Sweat Following Controlled Oral Codeine Administration – Society of Forensic Toxicologists Annual Meeting /TIAFT/FBI Joint Meeting, Washington DC, August 2004

*Schwilke EW, Billy the Kid Rides Again: Can Forensic DNA Analysis Reveal the True Kid? – University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Program in Toxicology, Baltimore MD, March 2004

*Schwilke EW, Logan BK, Dos Santos I, Changes in Patterns of Drug and Alcohol Use in Fatally Injured Drivers in Washington State – Society of Forensic Toxicologists Annual Meeting, Portland OR, October 2003

*Schwilke EW, Friel PN, Logan BK, Detection of Nefazodone in Whole Blood by GCMS - Society of Forensic Toxicologists Annual Meeting, Milwaukee WI, October 2000

*Winbery SL, Blaho KE, Logan BK, Schwilke EW, Karch SA, CNS Catastrophes Presenting as a Common Adverse Event to Acute Cocaine Use - Society of Forensic Toxicologists Annual Meeting, Puerto Rico, October 1999

*Logan BK, Blaho KE, Winbery SL, Schwilke EW, Harruff RC, Cocaine and Metabolite Concentrations after Swallowing Illicit Cocaine - Society of Forensic Toxicologists Annual Meeting, Puerto Rico, October 1999

*Schwilke EW, Logan BK, Comparison of DRE Opinions and Toxicology Results in 204 Consecutive Cases - American Academy of Forensic Sciences Annual Meeting, Orlando FL, February 1999

*Logan BK, Schwilke EW, Ante/Post Mortem Kinetics of Cocaine in Juvenile Swine - Society of Forensic Toxicologists Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City UT, October 1997

*Schwilke EW, Logan BK, Smirnow D, Evaluation of a Method that Isolates and Quantitates Ecgonine and Other Cocaine Metabolites in Whole Blood - Northwest Association of Forensic Scientists Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City UT, October 1996

PUBLICATIONS (PEER REVIEWED)

Jerri McLemore, M.D., Eugene W. Schwilke Ph.D., Kevin Shanks, MS, Dennis Klein, M.D, The Effects of Acquisition of Blood Specimens on Drug levels and the Effects of Transportation Conditions on Degradation of Drugs. U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice, Award Number: 2010-DN-BX-K216.

Karschner EL, Schwope DM, Schwilke EW, Goodwin RS, Kelly DL, Gorelick DA, Huestis MA. Predictive model accuracy in estimating last Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) intake from plasma and whole blood cannabinoid concentrations in chronic, daily cannabis smokers administered subchronic oral THC. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2012 Oct 1;125(3):313-9

Gorelick DA, , Goodwin RS, Schwilke EW, Schroeder, J, Schwope D, Kelly D, Ortemann-Renon C, Bonnet D, Huestis MA. Around-the-Clock Oral THC Effects on Sleep in Male Chronic Daily Cannabis Smokers, Am J Addict. 2013 Sep-Oct;22(5):510-4

Gorelick DM, Goodwin RS, Schwilke EW, Schwope DM, Darwin WD, Kelly DL, McMahon RP, Liu F, Ortemann-Renon C, Bonnet D, Huestis MA. Tolerance to Subjective and Cardiovascular Effects of Round-the-Clock, High-Dose Oral ∆9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in Male Cannabis Smokers, J Anal Toxicol. 2013 Jan-Feb; 37(1):11-6

Milman G, Schwope DM, Barnes AJ, Schwilke EW, Goodwin RS, Kelly DL, Gorelick DA, and Huestis MA. Cannabinoids and Metabolites in Expectorated Oral Fluid after Controlled Around-the-Clock Oral THC Administration, Anal Bioanal Chem, 2011 Aug;401(2):599-607

Milman G, Schwope DM, Schwilke EW, Darwin WD, Kelly DL, Goodwin RS, Gorelick DA Huestis MA, Oral Fluid and Plasma Cannabinoid Ratios After Around-the-Clock Controlled Oral ∆9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Administration, Clin Chem. Nov;57(11):1597-606

Goodwin RS, Baumann MH, Gorelick DA, Schwilke EW, Schwope DM, Darwin WD, Kelly DL, Schroeder JR, Ortemann-Renon C, Bonnet D, Huestis MA, CB1 - Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonist Effects on Cortisol in Cannabis-Dependent Men, Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2012 Jan;38(1):114-9

Gorelick DA, Goodwin RS, Schwilke EW, Schwope DM, Darwin WD, Kelly DL, , McMahon RP, Liu F, Ortemann-Renon C, Bonnet D, Huestis MA, Antagonist-elicited cannabis withdrawal in humans, J Clin Psychopharmacol, 2011 Oct;31(5):603-12

Schwilke EW, Gullberg RG, Darwin WD, Chiang CN, Cadet JL, Gorelick DA, Pope HG, Huestis MA, Differentiating new cannabis use from residual urinary cannabinoid excretion in chronic, frequent cannabis users, Addiction, 2011 Mar;106(3):499-506

Milman G, Barnes AJ, Schwope DM, Schwilke EW, Darwin WD, Goodwin RS, Kelly DL, Gorelick DA, Huestis MA, Disposition of Cannabinoids in Oral Fluid Following Controlled Around-The-Clock Oral THC Administration, Clinical Chemistry, 2010 Aug;56(8): 1261-9

Karschner EL, Schwilke EW, Lowe RH, Darwin WD, Herning RI, Cadet JL, Huestis MA. Implications of Plasma Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Concentrations in Chronic Cannabis Smokers, Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 2009, Oct;33(8):469-77

Schwilke EW, Schwope DM, Karschner EL, Lowe RH, Darwin WD, Kelly DL, Goodwin RS, Gorelick DA, Huestis MA. {Delta}9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-Hydroxy-THC, and 11-Nor-9-carboxy-THC Plasma Pharmacokinetics During and After Continuous High-Dose Oral THC. Clinical Chemistry. 2009 Dec;55(12):2180-9

Karschner EL, Schwilke EW, Lowe RH, Darwin WD, Pope HG, Herning RI, Cadet JL, Huestis MA. Do Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol concentration indicate recent use in chronic cannabis users?, Addiction, 2009, Dec;104(12):2041-8

Schwilke EW, Karschner EL, Lowe RH, Gordon AM, Cadet JL, Herning RI, Huestis MA. Intra- and Inter-subject Whole Blood/Plasma Cannabinoid Ratios Determined by 2-Dimensional Electron Impact-Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry with Cryofocusing, Clinical Chemistry, 2009 Jun;55(6):1188-95

Barnes AJ, Smith ML, Kacinko SL, Schwilke EW, Cone EJ, Moolchan ET, and Huestis MA, Excretion of Methamphetamine and Amphetamine in Human Sweat Following Controlled Oral Methamphetamine Administration, Clinical Chemistry, 2008 Jan;54(1):172-80

Lowe RH, Karschner EL, Schwilke EW, Barnes AJ and Huestis MA, Simultaneous Quantification of ∆9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-Hydroxy-∆9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC), and 11-nor-∆9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic Acid (THCCOOH) in Human Plasma Using Two-Dimensional GC, Cryofocusing and EI-MS. Journal of Chromatography A, 2007 Sep 7;1163(1-2):318-27

Schwilke EW, Sampaio dos Santos MI, Logan BK, Changes in Patterns of Drug and Alcohol Use in Fatally Injured Drivers in Washington State. Journal of Forensic Sciences 2006;51(5)1191-8

Schwilke EW, Kacinko SL, Barnes AJ, Oyler JM, Cone EJ, Moolchan ET, Huestis MA, Opioid Disposition in Human Sweat After Oral Codeine Administration. Clinical Chemistry 2006;52(8):1539-45

Kacinko SL, Barnes AJ, Schwilke EW, Cone EJ, Moolchan ET, Huestis MA. Disposition of Cocaine and Its Metabolites in Human Sweat After Controlled Cocaine Administration. Clinical Chemistry 2005;51:2085-94

Blaho KE, Logan BK, Winbery SL, Park L, Schwilke EW, Blood Cocaine and Metabolite Concentrations, Clinical Findings, and Outcomes of Patients Presenting to an ED. American Journal of Emergency Medicine Sep; 18(5):593-8

Logan BK, Schwilke EW, Drug and Alcohol use in Fatally Injured Drivers of Washington State, Journal of Forensic Sciences 1996; 41:505-510

PUBLICATIONS (NON-PEER REVIEWED)

Gunn J, Schwilke EW, The Value of Blood Analysis for Compliance Monitoring, Practical Pain Management 2011; May: 16-18

Evans M, Kriger S, Gunn J, Schwilke EW, Compliance Monitoring and Effective Risk Mitigation Strategy, Practical Pain Management 2010; 10(5):43-46

Evans M, Kriger S, Gunn J, Schwilke EW, Anomalous Opiate Detection in Compliance Monitoring, Practical Pain Management 2009; 9(7):54-55

Evans M, Kriger S, Gunn J, Schwilke EW, Effective Monitoring of Opiates in Chronic Pain Patients, Practical Pain Management 2009; 9(6):32-33

INVITED LECTURES

Point-of-Care and Laboratory Testing, Court Alcohol and Drug Program, Indiana Judicial Center, Indianapolis IN, May 6, 2011

Forensic Toxicology: Methods and Applications, The Philippine Association of Medical Technologists, Indianapolis IN, April 30, 2011

Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault, Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner Training, Indianapolis IN, February 28, 2011, and Law Enforcement Detective Training Seminar, March 9, 2011

Interpretation of Postmortem Toxicology for the Purpose of Death Investigation, Louisiana Coroner’s Association, Lafayette LA, November 20, 2010

Interpreting Toxicological Findings for the Purpose of Death Investigation, Kentucky Coroner’s Association, Owensboro KY, June 14, 2010

Drug testing, Why and How, IUPUI, School of Psychiatry, Indianapolis IN, May 12, 2010

Forensic Toxicology, Science and Applications, American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science, Carmel IN, May 20, 2009